For example, among Vanias in a large town like Ahmedabad many of the thirty or forty second-order divisions (such as Khadayata, Modh, Porwad, Shrimali, and so on) were represented. If you liked it, then share it with your friends, relatives and acquaintances on social media like Facebook, Whatsapp group, Telegram group, Twitter and give your feedback by commenting below. List of Socially and Educationally Backward Classes declared by Gujarat State, SEBC castes which are found both Hindu And Muslim. For example, Gandhi refers to one who deals in fragrances. The same problems would arise in the reverse direction if, as many scholars have done, the term caste cluster, caste complex or caste category is used for divisions of a higher order and the term caste or jati is used for divisions of a lower order. Which you can also download in PDF, List of Scheduled Tribes in Gujarat ( ). I do not propose to review the literature on caste here; my aim is to point out the direction towards which a few facts from Gujarat lead us. Over nine year more. The surname originates from a Sanskrit word that means he who does meditation for entire life.. The significant point, however, is that there were small endogamous units which were not, like ekdas and tads, part of any higher-order division. [2] No they don't. Ideally, castes as horizontal units should he discussed with the help of population figures. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to add your name to the list as a Lohana without such evidence. The surname Khamar (Arabic: , Bengali: , Georgian: , Hindi: , Marathi: , Oriya: , Russian: ) is more frequently found in India than any other country/territory. village is 49 which is Dalal derives from the Arabic word dallal or aldilal, which means an auctioneer. The surname Dalal would have been an occupational one for those who worked as traders, brokers, or merchants. In addition, they carried on overland trade with many towns in central and north India. More of them were located in the plains, than in the bordering highlands. Get free Others advice from the Top Others lawyers & advocates in Dandasinga, Angul with Lawtendo's free legal advice service. Some ekdas did come into existence in almost the same way as did the tads, that is to say, by a process of fission of one ekda into two or more ekdas. The Brahmans were divided into such divisions as Audich, Bhargav, Disawal, Khadayata, Khedawal, Mewada, Modh, Nagar, Shrigaud, Shrimali, Valam, Vayada, and Zarola. 277 Although caste was found in both village and town, did it possess any special characteristics in the latter? Let me illustrate briefly. The above brief analysis of change in caste in modern Gujarat has, I hope, indicated that an overall view of changes in caste in modern India should include a careful study of changes in rural as well as in urban areas in relation to their past. The Rajput links entailed the spread of Rajput culture in each Koli division and provided a certain cultural homogeneity to all the divisions. Kadvas are descendants of Kush, the younger son of Lord Ram. It is easy to understand that the pattern of change would be different in those first-order divisions (such as Rajput) or second-order divisions (such as Leva Kanbi) which did not have within them subdivisions of lower orders and which practised hypergamy extensively. Far too many studies of changes in caste in modern India start with a general model of caste in traditional India which is in fact a model of caste in traditional rural India. That the sociological study of urban areas in India has not received as much attention as that of rural areas is well known, and the studies made so far have paid little attention to caste in urban areas. In contrast, there were horizontal units, the internal hierarchy and hypergamy of which were restricted to some extent by the formation of small endogamous units and which had discernible boundaries at the lowest level. There was another kind of ambiguity about the Brahman status or two other divisionsKayatia and Tapodhan. Therefore, the surname refers to someone who likely made or sold screws. Ager 2. which is Kolis were the largest first-order division in Gujarat. Various misunderstandings about this caste but it certified by government that they are Vaishnav Khamar falls under general like Brahmins, Vaishnav Baniyas, Brahmbhatts, etc. Due to such diversity of people and society, this region has got the benefit of various folk cultures. Fortunately, they have now started writing about it (see Rao 1974). All the small towns sections in each of the ekdas resented that, while the large town section accepted brides from small towns, they did not reciprocate. Thank you. Our analysis of the internal organization of caste divisions has shown considerable variation in the relative role of the principles of division and hierarchy. Similarly, although the number of marriages between the second-order divisions in the Vania division, i.e., between Khadayata, Modh, Shrimali, Lad, Vayada, etc., has been increasing, the majority of marriages take place within the respective second-order divisions. Bhavsars in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have their traditional caste council known as the Bhavsar (or bhavasar) Samaj or Bhavasar Kshatriya Samaj. Generally they used to known as Vaishnav Khamar. One of the reasons behind underplaying of the principle of division by Dumont as well as by others seems to be the neglect of the study of caste in urban areas (see Dumonts remarks in 1972: 150). The degree of contravention involved in an inter-divisional marriage, however, depends upon the order (i.e., first-order, second-order, etc.) The point is that there was nothing like the endogamous unit but there were only several units of various orders with defined roles in endogamy. Till the establishment of democratic polity in 1947, hardly any caste association in Gujarat had manifest political functions. No sooner had the village studies begun that their limitations and the need for studying caste in its horizontal dimension were realized. One of the clearly visible changes in caste in Gujarat is the increasing number of inter-divisional or so-called inter-caste marriages, particularly in urban areas, in contravention of the rule of caste endogamy. Indian international cricketers Hardik Pandya and Krunal Pandya are popular bearers of this surname. Kayatias and Tapodhans were considered such low Brahmans that even some non-Brahman castes did not accept food and water from them. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Gupta is a common Gujarati surname that derives its name from Gupt, a Sanskrit word meaning, protected or secret. Moreover, a single division belonging to any one of the orders may have more than one association, and an association may be uni-purpose or multi-purpose. Sometimes a division corresponding to a division among Brahmans and Vanias was found in a third first-order division also. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Although it has been experiencing stresses and strains and has had ups and downs on account of the enormous diversity between the royal and the tribal ends, it has shown remarkable solidarity in recent years. But this is not enough. Kothari Kothari derives its name from the words 'Kotha' or 'Kothar,' which means treasury or godown. Not only that, there were also third-order divisions (i.e., ekdas) in one or more second-order divisions, and finally one or more fourth-order divisions (i.e., tads) in one or more third-order divisions. Many of the popular Gujarati surnames trace their roots to the occupations or businesses held by the original bearers of the surname. Hindu society is usually described as divided into a number of castes the boundaries of which are maintained by the rule of caste endogamy. Thus, finding any boundary between Rajputs and Kolis in the horizontal context was impossible, although there were sharp boundaries between the two in the narrow local context. ///Metadata 3086 0 R/ViewerPreferences 3087 0 R>> List of Scheduled Caste in Gujarat ( ). 960 If you wish to know more about it, delve into this list as we share a list of Gujarati last names with meanings. In Gujarat, the surname likely referred to those who worked as an assayer of gold, silver, and other precious items. Percentage of all salaries earned by bearers: Surnames are taken as the first part of an person's inherited family name, caste, clan name or in some cases patronymic, Heatmap: Dark red means there is a higher occurrence of the name, transitioning to light yellow signifies a progressively lower occurrence. are males and The census reports provide such figures until 1931, but it is well known that these pose many problems for sociological analysis, most of which arise out of the nature of castes as horizontal units. When divisions are found within a jati, the word sub-jati or sub-caste is used. where it is borne by 4,561 people, or 1 in 168,179. For which there is a provision of 7% reservation. Unlock your family history in the largest database of last names. All associations originated in large towns, are more active in towns than in villages, and are led by prominent members in towns. In any case, castes are not likely to cease to be castes in the consciousness of people in the foreseeable future. The highland Bhils seem to have provided brides to lower Rajputs on the other side of the highlands also, i.e., to those in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (see, for example, Doshi, 1971: 7f., 13-15; Aurora 1972: 16, 32f.). The village was a small community divided into a relatively small number of castes; the population of each caste was also small, sometimes only one or two households, with little possibility of existence of subdivisions; and there were intensive relationships of various kinds between the castes. Disclaimer 9. I do not, however, have sufficient knowledge of the latter and shall, therefore, confine myself mainly to Rajputs in Gujarat. In the past the dispersal over a wide area of population of an ekda or tad was uncommon; only modern communications have made residential dispersal as well as functional integration possible. The two former ekdas continued to exist with diminished strength. We will now analyze the internal structure of a few first-order divisions, each of which was split into divisions going down to the fourth order. He stresses repeatedly the primacy of the principle of hierarchy-epitomized in the title of his book. The boundaries of caste division were fairly clear in the village community. Their origin myth enshrined in their caste purana also showed them to be originally non-Brahman. While some of the divisions of a lower order might be the result of fission, some others might be a result of fusion. In the city, on the other hand, the population was divided into a large number of castes and each of most of them had a large population, frequently subdivided up to the third or the fourth order. Even if we assume, for a moment, that the basic nature of a structure or institution was the same, we need to know its urban form or variant. Content Guidelines 2. Usually, a single Koli division had different local names in different parts of Gujarat, but more about this later. Within each of these divisions, small endogamous units (ekdas, gols, bandhos) were organized from time to time to get relief from the difficulties inherent in hypergamy. Nevertheless, a breakdown of the population of Gujarat into major religious, caste and tribal groups according to the census of 1931 is presented in the following table to give a rough idea of the size of at least some castes. Data need to be collected over large areas by methods other than those used in village studies, castes need to be compared in the regional setting, and a new general approach, analytical framework, and conceptual apparatus need to be developed. While we can find historical information about the formation of ekdas and tads there are only myths about the formation of the numerous second-order divisions. These marriage links do not seem to have allowed, among the Kolis, formation of well organized, small, endogamous units (ekadas, gols) as were found among some other castes. Typically, a village consists of the sections of various castes, ranging from those with just one household to those with over u hundred. Means . Vaishnav Khamar is an another subcaste of vaishnavs like Vaishnav Baniyas. In India, Opportunities are provided for the upliftment of persons from socially and educationally disadvantaged groups by providing reservation in government jobs, educational institutions, promotions, educational scholarships and seats or posts in elected bodies. All this trade encouraged development of trading and commercial towns in the rest of Gujarat, even in the highland area. Purohit means a family priest or a priest who always stays at the forefront of a pooja (a prayer ritual). 95.4% of Such a description not only overlooks the diversity and complexity of caste divisions and the rural-urban Link- ages in them but also leads to placing them in the same category as Muslims, Christians, Parsis, Jains, Buddhists, and so on. I have done field work in two contiguous parts of Gujarat: central Gujarat (Kheda district and parts of Ahmedabad and Baroda districts) and eastern Gujarat (Panchmahals district). These linkages played an important role in the traditional social structure as well as in the processes of change in modern India. However, it is assumed that Ganjawala may have an occupational origin referring to individuals or their ancestors who produced or sold Ganja (cannabis). There were also a number of first-order divisions, mainly of artisans, craftsmen and specialized servants, with small populations. The main thrust of Pococks paper is that greater emphasis on difference rather than on hierarchy is a feature of caste among overseas Indians and in modern urban India. The two together formed a single complex of continental dimension. Rajiv Shah. Read ahead caste list Gujarat - Gujarat Caste List ST Caste List In Gujarat The surname comes from the Hindustani word Munim that refers to the head accountant at a shop, factory, or any other business establishment. A common Gujarati and Sindhi surname, Virani means descendant of Vir. The word Vir derives from the Sanskrit word Vira, meaning a hero. You have liked . Shroff is derived from seraf, a Gujarati word that means banker, cashier, or a money-lender. There was not only no pyramid type of arrangement among the many ekdas in a second-order Vania divisionthe type of arrangement found in the Rajput, Leva Kanbi, Anavil and Khedawal divisions-but frequently there was no significant sign of hierarchical relation, except boastful talk, between two neighbouring ekdas. In 1931, the Rajputs of all strata in Gujarat had together a population of about 35,000 forming nearly 5 per cent of the total population of Gujarat. While the Rajputs, Leva Patidars, Anavils and Khedawals have been notorious for high dowries, and the Kolis have been looked down upon for their practice of bride price, the Vanias have been paying neither. Early industrial labour was also drawn mainly from the urban artisan and servant castes. Khamar are Vaishnavs from Gujarat. As regards the specific case of the Rajput-Koli relationship, my impression is that, after the suppression of female infanticide in the first half of the 19th century, the later prohibition of polygyny, and the recent removal of princely states and feudal land tenures among the Rajputs on the one hand, and the increasing sanskritization as well as Rajputization among the Kolis on the other, marriage ties between these divisions have become more extensive than before. The hierarchy, however, was very gradual and lacked sharpness. We have analyzed the internal structure of two first-order divisions, Rajput and Anavil, which did not have any second-order divisions, and of several second-order divisionsTalapada and Pardeshi Koli, Khedawal Brahman, and Leva Kanbiwhich did not have any third-order divisions. The Kayasthas and Brahma-Kshatriyas, the so- called writer castes, employed mainly in the bureaucracy, and the Vahivancha Barots, genealogists and mythographers, were almost exclusively urban castes. I hope to show that the integration of the study of caste in urban areas with that of rural areas is essential to a comprehensive understanding of caste and its implications for Indian society and culture. SEBC caste list in gujarat 2022 / SEBC caste list gujarat / SEBC category list in gujarat | obc caste list gujarat / o.b.c. At one end there were castes in which the principle of hierarchy had free play and the role of the principle of division was limited. endobj This tendency reaches its culmination in the world of Dumont. Most associations continue to retain their non-political character. [1] They were dependent on cash-crop agriculture and occupied a lower status than the wealthy Leva Patidars. Barot was originally the name of a community that derived itself from the Bhat community. From a title meaning "holder of four", from Sanskrit (chatur) meaning "four" and (dhuriya) meaning "bearing a burden". They were thus not of the same status as most other second-order divisions among Brahmans. They are mainly found in North Gujarat and Ahmedabad. Here is the list of popular surnames used by Kurmi caste People in India. Although I have not, during my limited field work, come across hypergamous marriages between Rajputs and Bhils, ethnographic reports and other literature frequently refer to such marriages (see, for example, Naik 1956: 18f; Nath I960. Forebears knows about 508,031 unique surnames in Gujarat and there are 119 people per name. Mistri is used to refer to a mason or any other skilled artisan. Refenence: The list of all communities and castes in this article has been taken from the information available on the official website of Gujarat Government & Internet whose PDF link you will find below. In Gujarat, the poor in the general category have been kept in the Economically Weaker Section (EWS). Caste associations have been formed on the lines of caste divisions. In the second kind of area, indigenous Kolis live side-by-side with immigrant Kolis from an adjoining area. Frequently, each such unit had a patron deity, housed in a large shrine, with elaborate arrangements for its ownership. To take one sensitive area of purity/pollution behaviour, the concern for observance of rules of commensality has greatly declined not only in urban but also in rural areas. To see any kind of latest changes in the Castes List, visit the official website and you can also tell us by commenting or emailing. When the rural population began to be drawn towards the new opportunities, the first to take advantage of them were the rural sections of the rural-cum-urban castes. Copyright 2011 - 2023 MomJunction Private Limited. This reflects the high degree of divisiveness in castes in Gujarat. Below a list of Scheduled Caste communities and their population according to the 2001 Census of India in the state of Gujarat. It is borne by around 1 in 1,070,281 people. Usually, these divisions were distinguished from one another by prohibition of what people called roti vyavahar (bread, i.e., food transactions) as well as beti vyavahar (daughter, i.e., marital transactions). If this rule was violated, i.e., if he married a girl with whom the Vanias did not have commensal relations, the maximum punishment, namely, excommunication, was imposed. We shall return later to a consideration of this problem. In some parts of Gujarat they formed 30 to 35 per cent of the population. , ? And how flexibility was normal at the lowest level has just been shown. Title for a nobleman or noblewoman Gujarat ( ) is not to condemn village.... Likely to cease to be originally non-Brahman always stays at the lowest level has just been shown vaishnavs... 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